The nurse is collecting data from the parents of a seven-year-old boy who often has liquid stool in his underwear. The parents report he developed urinary and stool incontinence at four years of age and this problem started about six months ago. Their son excretes small pellets of stool every night before bed, and the parents wonder if he is soiling his clothing on purpose. Which additional testing does the nurse anticipate at this point?

The nurse is completing a nutrition and diet assessment and asks if the patient is taking any medications or supplements. The patient becomes defensive and questions why the nurse needs to know. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Which intervention is most important to preventing dermatitis in the patient who is incontinent following a recent cervical spinal cord injury?